Groundwater Recharge & Rainwater Harvesting

Recharge Pits / Soak Pits

• Shallow pits (1–3 m diameter, 2–3 m deep) filled with gravel and sand.
• Rainwater is filtered and allowed to percolate slowly.
• Ideal for small buildings and households.

Recharge Trenches

• Narrow, long trenches (0.5–1 m wide, 1–2 m deep) filled with filter media.
• Used where space is available — along boundaries or roads.

Recharge Wells / Bore Wells

• Deep wells (up to 30 m) used to convey filtered water directly into deeper aquifers.
• Includes casing and gravel pack to avoid clogging.

Percolation Tanks / Recharge Ponds

• Large open ponds in low-lying areas to collect runoff from large catchments.
• Promotes slow percolation into the soil.

Recharge Shafts

• Vertical shafts (1–2 m diameter, 10–15 m deep) with layers of coarse sand, gravel, and boulders.
• Effective where the upper soil layer has low permeability but subsoil layers are more permeable.